Cleaning up oil spills Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cleaning up crude spills - Research Paper ExampleThe most famous method is to use chemical treating agents like dispersants, surface washing agents, and bioremediation agents (Chemical Treating Agents par. 1). Dispersants argon basically mixture of chemicals, made up mostly of surfactants and other additives. The surfactant molecules are amphiphilic in nature which can be both soluble in protic (i.e. water) and aprotic (i.e. oil) solvents. During oil spills in bodies of water, surfactants combined into aggregates called micelles which consist of hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails. The heads are attached to the water molecules by hydrogen bonding and the tails to the oil molecules which lessens the interfacial tensions between oil-water molecules. Due to the mechanical action in the ocean, the oil molecules especially below the surface of the water break apart into smaller molecules which can adhere suspended to be washed by current (Renee and Lee par. 5).The use of surface wa shing agents or commonly known as degreaser are usually used for surfaces or structures that have been oiled and are usually sprayed on the surface. This chemical promotes emulsification of oil and the instability causes it to flocculate and coalesce in the surface for somatic recovery.The actions of the two mentioned chemical agents are usually followed either by natural means or generate biological actions. The natural means can include microbial degradation and photo-oxidation. The latter method speak under sunlight where the natural targets are the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of the oils. The process (also known as photolysis), degrades the PAHs in the sour that can be available for microbial degradation (The American Academy of Microbiology 4).In addition, bioremediation is also an useful way to clean up oil spills. The use of bioremediationagentsincludes microbiological cultures, enzyme additives or nutrient additives which can significantly cast up the rate

African American Adolescents Future Education Orientation Essay - 13

African American Adolescents Future Education Orientation - Essay display caseIn the articles that live been presented, it is clear that the authors cast off used Krumboltzs Social Learning Theory to quantify the students and the plan are based on this assessment. In the article of Utahs School way, the authors have included some essential elements like the demographic information like sex, race, creed and other pertinent information based on which the authors have suggested a plan based on the explanation provided by Krumboltz. The goals that have been set down in the paper are based on the acquisition of self-knowledge and the compulsory skills for negotiating in a world where the level of uncertainty is always high. The decision made in this article also highlights the need that people tend to make poor decisions if the learning opportunity is presented to them, and it is essential to let off the importance of the decision making by career counseling. The article has also highlighted that the Utah schools have take counseling where the students to counselor ration should account for 350 1.However, in the schools of Utah, the schools tend to only use the counselors for specific counseling activities and not for any other activities (Bitner, -Stevenson and Burnham). This allows more effectiveness and concentration of the counselors on the student needs and requirements. A similar situation for a more specific group of students has been presented in the other article. Here again the authors have taken into account the various aspect like race, creed, age and sex of the students and planned a career development plan in an appropriate manner to assist these student develop and have also included an essential factor of the perceived parental support as well (Kerpelman, Eryigit and Stephens).

Microscope Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Microscope - Lab install of music ExampleBright field microscope is also called as learner microscope. Bright field microscope can be used to study live micro organisms and pre- prepargond slides. (Fixed stained smears). (Bain 2008). Bright Field Microscope In this laboratory bright field microscope is used. The main parts of the microscope are crystalline crystalline lens of the eye system, revolving nose piece, stage, condenser and Iris diaphragm, wakeful source, course focusing knob and ticket focusing knob. The lens system consists of ocular and objectives. Ocular lens is the eye piece lens through which the specimen is viewed. Oculars remove a magnifying power of 10 x in student microscope and the level of magnification is marked in the ocular. (Bisen and Sharma 2012). There are three objectives with dissimilar magnifying power. The scanning objective has the shortest magnifying power of 4x and it is the depressedest magnifying power in a microscope. This lens is use d to root the specimen in the slide and to observe the large structures. The low power objective has the magnifying power of 10 x and used to observe the smaller structures at smaller detail. The high power objective of the student microscope has the longest objective and magnifying power of this objective is 40 x. fine details about the specimen are studied using this high power objective. (Bisen and Sharma 2012). The revolving nose piece has the objectives. The objectives with different magnifying power are elect using this revolving nose piece. The stage is the flat surface on present below the objective on which the specimen is mounted. The centre of the stage has an opening through which the exculpated passes on the specimen. (Bain 2008). The stage is mechanic and geared. The mechanical stage can be... In this lab bright field microscope is used. The main parts of the microscope are lens system, revolving nose piece, stage, condenser and Iris diaphragm, light source, course focusing knob and fine focusing knob. The lens system consists of ocular and objectives. Ocular lens is the eye piece lens through which the specimen is viewed. Oculars have a magnifying power of 10 x in student microscope and the level of magnification is marked in the ocular. (Bisen and Sharma 2012). There are three objectives with different magnifying power. The scanning objective has the shortest magnifying power of 4x and it is the lowest magnifying power in a microscope. This lens is used to locate the specimen in the slide and to observe the large structures. The low power objective has the magnifying power of 10 x and used to observe the smaller structures at little detail. The high power objective of the student microscope has the longest objective and magnifying power of this objective is 40 x. fine details about the specimen are studied using this high power objective. The revolving nose piece has the objectives. The objectives with different magnifying power are chosen using this revolving nose piece. The stage is the flat surface on present below the objective on which the specimen is mounted. The centre of the stage has an opening through which the light passes on the specimen. (Bain 2008). The stage is mechanical and geared. The mechanical stage can be move to obtain the bankrupt resolution.

Marketing to Hispanic Americans Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing to Hispanic the Statesns - Research Paper ExampleCompanies and business firms that use specific Hispanic business models to target Hispanic consumer argon likely to become successful in the highly evaporable and competitive business world.Marketing to Hispanics should take the aspect of ethnicity into consideration because ethnicity is important to all minorities for the purpose of identity. 67% of Hispanics suggest that ethnicity is an important element of their identity. Furthermore, 78% of them suggest that they are proud of their ethnic identity (Yahoo, n.d.). Ethnicity determines the individuality, faith, values, views on gender roles, and consumption behaviors and attitudes of the Hispanics. This makes the aspect of ethnicity even more significant in marketing to Hispanics. Drivers of ethnicity for Hispanics in America include political views, speech and dialect, reunions, family, gatherings, eating habits and preferences, and home dcor. Hispanic reactions to news c ontent are often motivated by ethnicity. For instance, ethnicity influences the choices of Hispanic Americans regarding fashion and style, beauty, finance, entertainment, food, and restaurants. The shopping content of Hispanic Americans is also influenced by ethnicity.Hispanic Americans may be classified into first and second contemporariess. For both first and second generation Hispanic Americans, ethnicity is an important aspect their present and past. However, first generations Hispanics are connected with their ethnicity more strongly than second-generation Hispanics. firstborn generation Hispanics are ethnically influenced by their Spanish shopping content, but second-generation Hispanics are not frequently influenced by their ethnic Spanish shopping content (Valds, 2000). Both first and second generation Hispanics are greatly influenced by how news media and marketing campaigns in the media cover them.

Eco-terrorists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Eco-terrorists - Essay ExampleAs revealed, the organization who claimed responsibility for setting the SUVs on fire, the state Liberation Front ( pyxie) indicated that these incidents were intended to take the profit causative away from those responsible for pollution (Tamaki, Chong and Lansberg hit. 2). Support One element that confirms that the group who set fire on SUVs in atomic number 20 must be labeled as eco-terrorists is that members of the group who claimed responsibility actually were identify and labeled as a loose association of militant environmentalists (Tamaki, Chong and Lansberg par. 2). These groups of people argon considered eco-terrorists because they wreak butchery on the lives of innocent people in the guise of protecting nature and the environment. The group like the Earth Liberation Front (ELF), who were responsible for the SUV vandalism believes that the human species is perpetrating a war on nature and that those who are connected to nature and belong t o it have a right to defend themselves (FoxNews.com par 10). As such, as environmentally oriented, the members of the group are not merely terrorists but clearly fall under the eco-terrorist variety or category. Support Eco-terrorists sow terror on many people by means of acts similar to political terrorists such as arson, bombings, vandalism and harassment and destroy millions worth of properties. Again, the descriptions satisfied the element in the definition of the term as the members use arson against innocent victims through destruction of property (SUVs). The FBI estimates that the distresss of the attacks of eco-terrorists enumerate to more than $100 million (FoxNews.com par 6). Likewise, as revealed in one of the featured stories in the formal website of the FBI entitled Violence in the Name of the Environment The Case of the Calculating Eco-Terrorist (Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)), ELF has even boasted on its website that its members racked up some $55 million dollars in damages in 2003 through illegal anti-development and SUV dealership attacks (Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) par. 5). Support Eco-terrorists tend to target companies who they feel are doing damage to nature. This is evident in their attack against some SUV dealerships in California which they set on fire (Shpritz par 1). They consider SUVs as pollutants because of their poor fuel efficiency. Likewise, as revealed in the official FBI website, The ELF advocates monkeywrenching, a euphemism for acts of sabotage and property destruction against industries and other entities perceived to be damaging to the natural environment (FBI par. 10). The members of the ELF were besides reported to have engaged in significant intelligence gathering against potential targets, including the review of application/trade publications, photographic/video surveillance of potential targets, and posting details about potential targets on the internet (FBI par. 11). As such, the targets were explicitly stated as organizations, both private and public, which were deemed to promote products and services that dress threats to the environment. These facts all support the conclusion that the group of people who set fire on SUVs in California should be labeled as eco-terrorists due to primary motive, group ideals, the targets for their violent actions and the damage inflicted, as a whole. Even if the groups ideals were supposedly to protect the environment, their means

Maquilapolis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Maquilapolis - Essay ExampleThis allows tackling of incidental challenges within the women group alongside a replacement of pity and hopelessness by determination and excite faith.The moment of activism is from collaboration of three sweatshops employees with Funari, her co director and De La Torre the artist photographer. Maquilapolis city of factories takes us to Tijuana w here(predicate) Mequiladoras takes improvement of cheap labor and low taxes. Most of The workers are women who take the mental of championing for justice and necessary changes. Social, environmental and economic changes from industrialization results to pollution, joblessness and poverty in Mexico, that is sentimental in the film.Carmen and Lourdes are the women at the digest of the film. Manufacturing and concourse plants are full of women who make consumer goods for long hours in unsafe conditions and low wage. Horrors of industrialization get whatsoever expression through self-confession. Workers face exp osure to chemicals that damage skin, lungs, and nasal passage. Kidney complications are not exception here as in most places of work drinking and urination is illegal. Apart from factories, home environment is in addition a delicate this makes most of the workers and their families to be abreast with pollution. A shantytown is their home where the waste products from factories are eminent.The drop of union representation, laxity in dealing with problems of workers and fight for women to develop their work environs is a centre of attention. Millions of workers weave the consumer nations fabric of life through productions of television, electric cables, toys, clothes, batteries and IV tubes. In the callable process, Carmen and her colleagues reach the optimum struggle and organize for a change. Carmen takes to task a major TV maker for the violation of her labor rights and gets a pay to improve her life. Lourdes and her associate group pressurize the authorities for a cleanup of

During the 1980s and early 1990s recessions, British manufacturing Essay

During the eighties and early 1990s recessions, British manufacturing management restored profitability, pillaged employees, and tra - Essay ExampleBritain, United States, and China are the most competing nations that have experienced economic recessions since the 1980s. The obtain of the 1980 recession in Britain is believed to have been due to the government monetarist policies to reduce inflation this light-emitting diode to an extend in unemployment rate from 5.3% to 124% of the working nation in 1979 to11.9% in 1984. It took 18 quarters for the GDP to recover to the first base of the recession. The early 1990s recession is attributed to the US savings and loan crisis, which led to a decrease of social club earnings from 25%and 55% increase in unemployment rate from 6.9% of the working population in 1990 to 10.7% in 1993, which took 13 quarters for the GDP to recover to that at the start of the economic recession. The unemployment rate between the 1980s and 1990s shot up to a level not seen since the great depression this in term of enlistment affected Britains economy badly to the point that even after the recession, many Britons were still unemployed. This led to the stagnation of the industrial sector leading to increase in losses and low profit devising affecting Britains economy. ... Very few bulk came to live in Britain during the reign of Thatcher. Acceptances for settlement went good deal from 69,670 in 1979 up to 53,200 wad in 1990 the time Thatcher resigned as the prime minister. During this time of economic recession, in that location were many people leaving Britain than coming to Britain. This trend led to a decrease in the population of Britain. During the economic recession, there was an increase in divorce rate with many babies being born international marriage. The rate of people getting married also decreased. In the 1980s, many businesses faced the challenge of restoring the animate of competitiveness with the problems they experienced in the 1970s where British industrial sector was struggling with industrial relations, curt productivity, and low profitability (Haslam, Neale & Sukhdev, 2000). Under the reign of Thatcher, manufacturing decreased. During the 1970s, manufacturing accounted for 20.57% of the UK GDP. This dropped to 17.62% of GDP in 1979 and again dropped to 15.18 % with the exit of Thatcher. There was a pay gap during her reign with men receiving more pay than women. On house rent, there was an increase of house rent across Britain especially with the privatization of counsel houses. This led to distress across Britain with many people being unemployed, retrenched, and underpaid. With low income, it forced some of the people to move out of Britain and reduced the number of those people who were coming to Britain. Interest rates also sky rocketed to 17% these affected investments in Britain discouraging investors from expanding their investments. berth repossession also increased. For in stance, in 1991, 75,500 properties were repossessed and over 186,649 cases reached the court.

Depression in mothers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Depression in mothers - raise ExampleDepression among women has been known to be caused by a myriad of issues that affect the world glob altogethery and in the local communities. This is especially in the third world, where poverty is one of the leading causes of economic crisis among mothers and women in general, unlike other factors that affect the first world and other well to do women that have all their basic needs. Poverty has led to depression amongst many women following the lack of basic needs to nutrify a comfortable life, even at the lowest level of just being alive and having a meal on the table, as well as clean water to drink. This is in addition to having access, to wellness and medical facilities in order to cater for the overall wellbeing of women and communities in question. However, due to the sensitivity of the issue, we shall dwell more on the depression of women as they tend to shoulder the burden of poverty, especially in Africa. Studies channelize that Af ri kindle women are more likely to contract type 2 diabetes than women with greater economic resources or wealth only serves to show the impact of poverty on depression in African women (De Groot et al 172). The above studies approach depression in execrable African women from the perspective of coming from a poor environment, where their depression is a reaction to the said environment. In addition, poverty is considered to be the strongest factor leading to depression amongst mothers with young children, especially considering their inability to provide for their young (Grant et al 1). This also includes the lack of suitable facilities, in which to live, which, in turn, leads to insecurity. The whole situation of depression revolves around the concept of poverty, especially in the third world, which covers almost of the globe and Africa is a major concern followed by parts of Asia. Oxfam as an international organization whole kit and caboodle towards the wellbeing of the global society by working to eliminate overtly across the globe. As a result, it can be taken to mean to be an institution that works towards bettering the lives of women and lowering the risks of depression among women and mothers. The Oxfam website can be considered to be substantially user friendly with the ease of use and navigation along the lines of the schooling it provides. With this in mind, the institutions website provides bulk of data on its role on an international assemblage plate to improve the lives of those caught up in poverty. Considering this, Oxfam labels poverty as a condition that can be eradicated rack up the face of the earth and have all members of society living comfortably. The above is because Oxfam works with vulnerable hoi polloi in the face of poverty to overcome their difficulties in making ends meet in relation to food, education, emergence and citizens rights, as well as climate change, where those affected receive assistance from the organization to improve their lives substantially. The website provides information on how one can work together with Oxfam to alleviate poverty by donating to the organization for the pricey of the society, a means that can be viewed as a one that caters for the depressed women. This is through the collection of financial and other forms of resources that are used to put up facilities to improve their livelihoods considering their vulnerability to poverty (Oxfam). In the third world, especially Africa, this translates to fewer depressed women following the delivery of

A discussion on Health Related Issues and Interventions for School Age Research Paper

A discussion on wellness Related Issues and Interventions for School Age Children - Research Paper ExampleA number of health link issues arise at this term and their successful mitigation helps children develop normally into adolescent and adulthood. Without proper card in place to address these health think issues, developmental problems may arise ranging from behavioural problems to sensual and mental problems. This paper is going to look at a number of child health related problems such as childishness fleshiness and overweight issues, bullying, accidents and injuries, social network and the media, child abuse and escape and the various interventions that could be employed to either pr stillt or lessen the impacts of these issues on school age children. Childhood obesity and overweight Last grade, the Australia bureau of statistics reported the continued rise of childhood obesity over the last 40 years. The report indicated that the level of childhood obesity has increase d substantially and is even projected to approach adult rates within 30 years. The report showed that 26.1% of children between the ages of 5-15 were overweight or obese in 2007-08. In 2009 the same was 26.5% making a 0.4% increase in one year (ABS, 2011). The report attri preciselyed this rise to sedentary pursuits which include watching television and playing computer games. In 2005 the knowledge base health organization reported that 20 million children under 5 years were overweight. Latest statistics by the World health organization also indicate that 40 million children under the age of basketball team years are overweight or suffer from obesity in 2010. These statistics are quite frighten making the issue a global concern (WHO, 2012). Scholars argue that overweight and obesity in childhood especially in older children can lead to serious and severe obesity and weight issues in adulthood. They also say that childhood and adolescent obesity poses a higher gamble of premature close and disability later on in life (Kumanyika & Brownson, 2007, p. 51). Literature also suggests children who are obese or overweight normally encounter several corporeal risks and are at a greater risk of social isolation. Such children also are at the risk of developing psychological disorders than those who are in a healthy weight range (Vichuda L Mathews, 2011, pp. 4-6 Justin, 2005, p.84). Research also indicates other consequences of overweight and obesity and these include the development of chronic conditions such as chronic respiratory problems such as rest apnoea and breathlessness chronic musculoskeletal problems such as lower back pains and osteoarthritis rancour bladder disease and impaired fertility and well as chronic cardiovascular problems (Dehghan, Akhtar-Danesh, & Merchant, 2005, p. 24). Scholars have send wordd a number of strategies in which childhood obesity could be reduced. Such intervention measures have been in foundation for quite some time now. T heir application is case specific and some could still be use to solve the problem generally. Telford et al. (2012, 371 )in their study found out that an appropriately designed and administered physical education platform (PE) is capable of producing benefits for elementary school children by reducing the percentage increase of body fat but also led to significant enhancement of numeracy development. Other studies have also supported the idea of physical education in helping in the primary prevention of overweight and obesity. Davis et al. (2012, p. 243) in their study propose school based initiatives that include physical activity and also provide opportunities for physical education and crack programs as very important in the prevention of obesity. It is argued that physical activity helps reduce adiposity in

The Art of the Memoir Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The wile of the Memoir - Essay ExampleAs a result, it became evident that at from each one and every footmark of the representation, Mary came from a dysfunctional family that contributed to the negative thoughts and experiences that she witnessed (Karr, p 5). This is because the family is a stepping stone to the individual and what they turn taboo to be like in future. The feelings and expectations of each and every family are radiated and shown in the people that are in the family. If the situation in which they grew up dictates that they are passionate and successful this is as a result of what they were indoctrinated to as they were growing up. The author states that it is prudent for each person in the family to contribute to the positive outcome of everyone. This is because at each point, the contributions will count for something once they gull grown up. Marys set out should have had the capacity to stop drinking and netting violence on his family (Karr, p 12). This woul d have created an avenue for them to go up their children in a peaceful environment. The basic component in each and every society is reflect in the families that they come from. This would have the capacity to ensure that the family grew up as a unit that was a combination of each and every f figureor that made them unique. This will be radiated with love, care and concern for each other. The Color of Water One thing that is clear is that image and general self worth is everything that defines the way one grows and sees themselves in the society that they are socialized. Individual identity is a crucial factor in each and every society. The McBride family had to face societal segregations. James father was segregated because he was black. This was mostly by the whites in the society. He went ahead and married a white woman (McBride, p 21). This symbolic act did not obviously augur well with her family and the rest of the black folks where they resided. The journey that James fath er took was one of resilience and stamina at each and every step of the way. He encouraged his married woman to be proud of where she came from. The foundation of their church was a genuine representation of what they felt and stood for. In the memoir, the capability and resilience that James had to put up was a result of his upbringing. This encouraged him to fight for what he believed in and what he did not. This is exactly what his mother did to ensure that she raised them all despite the demise of their father (McBride, p 27). Life has so many instances and experiences that have the sole responsibleness of being eye openers. They offer counselling on what should be done at each and every step of the way. This is the only way that livelihood and what it has to offer can be experienced and enjoyed. The memoir offers the consolation that each and every experience has the duty of ensuring that it is possible to deal with the issues. The tribute from the son to his resilient moth er is one that has the sole aim of whirl inspiration to all the involved parties. The sole encouragement comes from the fact that the differences that are witnessed in families set them isolated in terms of uniqueness and societal perfection. Colors of the Mountain by Da Chen In my opinion, Colors of the mountain is a beautiful memoir of the author, Da Chen, as he was growing up. The defend reveals the sad childhood of the author as a young boy from the Mao Zedong Cultural mutation in China (Chen, p 5). Personally, the memoir is very touching and fascinating because through the authors story, we get to know about the fascinating history of the

Traditional Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

tralatitious Marketing - Essay ExampleTraditional merchandising is in effect focused on markets and products, giving little consideration to clients - what they want and need, how they bribe and when. Adrian Payne (1991) notes that traditional marketing conpennyrates on product features, has minimal interest in customer service, limited customer contact, and where quality is primarily a concern of production.The marketing mix approach is too limited to put forward a usable framework for assessing and developing customer relationships in many industries and should be replaced by an ersatz model in which the focus is on customers and relationships (Gordon, I., 1999).For these reasons, not a few companies soon found traditional marketing ineffective in selling consumer products. If sales events were made at all, the level does not apologise the expense sunk in the traditional marketing tools such(prenominal) as radio, TV and outdoor ads as well as trade shows and direct mail. Gra dually, it was acknowledged that traditional marketing is not suitable for selling relatively low-value products to the broad masses of customers. In this case, the sales income is often not commensurate with the advertising and promotional costs.In the search for a marketing system that would broaden the product scope and concentrate on how to retain customers instead of simply attracting customers to products and services, marketing experts came up with the idea o... The earliest users of the term relationship marketing included Len Berry (1983) and Jag Sheth at Emory. Theodoro Levitt (1983) of Harvard subsequently expanded the initial concept to cover activities beyond individual transactions. Customer retention is at the heart of relationship marketing. Unlike the traditional marketing approach, which goes by one-shot individual transactions, relationship marketing seeks to build longer-term relationships with the customers. Thus, it calls for ways to understand the customers ne eds as they go by their life cycle and provides a range of products or services as the customers need these at apiece cycle. In short, keeping the customers forever (Gordon, I., 1999). The idea of seeking to provide the customers specific needs at each(prenominal) phase of his life led to the development of relationship marketing.Increased profitability is the common objective of both(prenominal) the traditional and relationship marketing strategies but the most glaring difference is that one makes a sale and then moves on to another prospect, while the other stays with one customer longer to imitate to all his needs. This is service marketing at work, which means servicing the customers necessities from childhood to adolescence, from middle age to his senior(a) years. Less Cost, More BenefitsThe advantage of relationship marketing is that despite the expanded scope and longer vigilance span provided by the companies to customers, the cost of retaining an existing customer is said to be about 10 per cent less than the cost required in acquiring a new customer. Moreover, the company derived other benefits such as referrals. (Wikipedia)

Is case study a good way to analyze financial dissertation topic Essay

Is example teaching a good way to analyze financial dissertation topic (about risk reduction utilise derivatives) - Essay ExampleThe paper tries to answer this question, and present the suitable look method if there is matchless that is better suited than the case conceive method. In particular, the paper addresses the following questions One, does the case acquire flesh for the look into apply for undertaking a financial dissertation involving the reduction of risks with the use of derivatives? Two, if the answer is yes, wherefore is this so, and if not, why is this so? Three, if the answer is yes, what are the recommendations for the utilization and deployment of the strategies for research and the methods of research tied to the case study research design/method? Four, if the answer is no, what would be the well-nigh appropriate research design, and why is this the about appropriate? As a continuation to question four, what would be the recommendations for the utilizat ion and deployment of the research methods and strategies tied to the most suitable research design/method identified as being more suitable than the case study method? II. ... Derivatives to hedge risks and to manage the risks would naturally lend itself to quantitative research methods. How does the case study method fare in this respect? We get from the literature that the case study method is essentially a qualitative research method. By qualitative is meant that the case study method excels where the dissertation involves situating the research topic in a certain sociological or network context. By this is meant that subjective muckle and relational factors are important considerations. The definition below captures some of the flavor and some of the relevant contexts for the prudish use of the case study method, and it is noteworthy that this definition below makes references to organizational contexts, social contexts, subjective exploiter contexts, and other relational c ontexts (Jones 2000) Case studies are particularly valuable for understanding complex phenomena in context, and fit to Yin (1989) when users intentions, technology use patterns, and social impacts cannot be clearly separated from the social, technological, and organizational contexts in which they occur. Interpretive theatre of operations studies are often based in turn on the soft case study approach, draw by Braa and Vidgen (1997) as a research framework for organizational study in information systems research. They delimit between methods appropriate for prediction, understanding, and change and soft cases are adopted when the research intent warrants understanding phenomena. Recognizing that some studies address more than one of these intents in varying degree, research approaches are mapped to the outcomes desired by the research intents. For predictive outcomes, reduction approaches are used understanding necessitates an interpretive approach

6 Seperate 1 page Reading Summaries Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

6 Seperate 1 page indicant Summaries - Article ExampleThe author attempts to prove this point by examining the available literature on the topic. This begins with a lengthy quote from Hobbes in which it is argued that equitys and vices are a product of the different constitution of the body and partly from different education (445). As the author points out from this passage, Hobbes held that the primary motivation for the development of these vices or virtues was a mans desires or passions. Other thinkers examined include Ralph Waldo Emerson, who suggests that the lazy man simply accepts what comes his way age the man with passion will seek to discover the truth, and John Dewey, who explores the concept of reflective thinking.To conclude her argument, Zebzewski suggests that in that location isnt a significant difference between the concepts of intellectual virtue or moral virtue because they both tend to lead one in the same direction. Actions, thoughts and behavior all tend t o venting along the same lines. There is a distinction, though, between virtues that lead to certainty as compared with virtues that lead to intellect as what it takes to know something is definitely true is non typically the same thing as tally out what it takes to understand something as it is the sum is not always equal to the parts.Stewart Cohen, in his article Contextualist Solutions to epistemic Problems Scepticism, Gettier and the Lottery, argues against previous claims made by David Lewis regarding solutions to the three epistemological problems listed in the title. Cohens main contention is that Lewiss contextual approach to these problems, in which he applies certain mechanisms of context-sensitivity what he calls rules of relevance (706), overreaches it bounds and is therefore not able to solve the Gettier problem.To make his

An in-depth understanding of the organizational and the individual Essay

An in-depth understanding of the organizational and the idiosyncratic surgical process of a company - Essay ExampleFrom an single aim, it has also been witnessed several times that an individual worker who was a good doer previously has turned to be a bad performer within a short-term period. However, there can be various reasons to cause poor performance active in both the organizational and the personal level of the workers (Jackson & Et. Al., 2008). With this point of view, the paper shall intend to diagnose few factors in an organization which is solely based on the marketing of various kinds of products through tele gross sales. Certainly, the sales force of the organization plays a vital role in signifying its overall performance. According to the job responsibilities of the sales force of the company, the individuals require to call the probable customers and puzzle out them to buy the product. Thus, the workers should possess a high level of competencies in terms of learning skills, interactive skills, change-ability, and readiness. The competencies of the workers or the task force shall in turn influence the competency of the organization. However, the actors of competencies shall be measured according to the determined instructional objectives, i.e. to identify the causes of poor performance, assess the potential of the workforce and enhance their competencies which in turn shall positively encourage the organizational competencies.

Barriers and Disparities in Health Care Research Paper

Barriers and Disparities in Health Care - Research Paper ExampleThe paper Barriers and Disparities in Health Care investigates the numerous barriers to achieving satisfactory health commission, which in turn lead to disparities and eventually result into poor health plow. Some of the barriers shortly existing in the health care provision include geographic barriers, socioeconomic and cultural barriers. geographic barriers refer to people living in the rural parts who can non get quality health care because of insufficient facilities in those regions. Health care facilities in the rural regions are normally understaffed because thither is challenge of recruiting the health care providers to work in the rural regions. Rural creations are exposed to numerous geographic and climatic barriers which at times makes the hospitals to be located in rugged terrain which are not easily accessible. Moreover, there are lacks public transportation in the rural areas which hinders populace from r eceiving health care. in that location is also widespread poverty in rural areas than in the urban settlements. Socioeconomic factors also largely deters adequate provision of quality health care since low income households cannot afford health indemnity bandaging and access the high cost of health care delivery. The less income families whitethorn not be fitted to pay for essential out of pocket charges such as deductibles and medicines even if they may afford insurance cover. Socioeconomic factors are therefore very significant in preventing adequate access to health care facilities.... Cultural beliefs about diseases and health care differ amongst different communities around the world across the world. For instance, the western attri hardlye of healthcare may differ from other countries health belief systems. Other people especially from Asia are always comfortable with traditional mode of treatment than the modern strong and improved medicines. sensitivity about culture i s therefore very important because any disregard of culture by a healthcare practitioner may prevent an individual from vulnerable populace from receiving quality healthcare. There is inequality in health literacy and therefore health care providers must ensure that they consider cultural considerations onwards for successful health care delivery (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2013). Health Care Disparity unwrap health outcome requires that the entire population should receive equally superior health care but this has not been the case due to numerous disparities that persist. Disparities however differ in almost every population depending on various factors. Ethnicity, culture and race are amongst the parameters that contribute to disparities in healthcare provision. Generally, these disparities can be classified into communication failure, provider discrimination and lack of preventive care (Mason, Leavitt & Chaffee, 2006). Communication between health care provid ers and the patients is vital in ensuring adequate provision of health care. Failure to properly communicate may result into inappropriate diagnosis and improper admission of medicines. There are some patients who cannot speak like language as the health providers hence there may be a need of

Project management approaches for dynamic environments Essay Example for Free

Project management approaches for can-do environments EssayThis paper sets out to investigate the nature of leap outsconducted in fast changing environments. Examples andtheory atomic number 18 used to illustrate the nature and challenges ofthis category. Suitable management approaches are identied under the following headings Planning, Experimentation, Lifecycle, Controls, Culture, Communication, and Leadership style.The dynamic foresee category.The paper closes with recommendations for furtherresearch. In this paper, attend is taken to mean the mechanisms throughwhich resources are managed to achieve objectives 1, and is dierent to the PMBOK technique 2 which is strictly focused on transport activities in line with a plan 3. The term dynamic is taken to mean characterised by regular change 4. In the project management context dynamism is taken to be a dimension of a projectthat represents the extent to which a project is inuenced by changes in the environment in whic h it is conducted.This paper pleads that this is a non-binary dimension thatapplies in varying degrees to all projects, so strictly whatever given over project is neither dynamic nor non dynamic. All projects earn some degree of dynamism, so the dimensionis not dichotomic. Therefore, the ideas in this paper may be applied in varying degrees to any project as deemed appropriate. For the sake of simplicity though, for the remainder of this paper, a dynamic project is taken to be one that isnecessarily subject to higher than normal levels of changedue to the environment in which it is conducted.The commerce environment is changing at an increasingpace 57. Roth swell and Zegveld 8 went so far as to say we are in the midst of a engineering explosion. They arguedthat 90% of our technical knowledge has been generated inthe last 55 years, and that technical knowledge will continue to increase exponentially. Perrino and Tipping 9 reportedthe pace of technology is accelerating, raising t he bet and risks formanaging innovation, and requiring earlywarning and shorter response time.Change, in all formsof technology and business processes, can be regarded asincreasingly pervasive and providing challenges even wherehigh technology is not a core business, much(prenominal) as in mining10. Consider how the Australian Submarine project waschallenged by developments in the IT industriousness betweenthe 1980s design phase, and sea trials decades later 7.This paper will now investigate dynamic projects from atheoretical point of view. Gray and Larson 11 argued thatPich, Loch and De Meyer 12 reap a type of projectthat encounters unknown unknowns and how it is high hat suited to what they called a learning strategy which involves scanning, problem solving and exibility. They argue thatthis is distinct from projects conducted in well understoodenvironments which are suited to instructionism, and distinct fromselectionism where the most fruitful initiative is chosen after a po ol of trials. Turner and Cochran 13espouse the goals and methods matrix that describes four dierent types of project according to how well dened the methods and goals are.Projects can have poorly denedgoals (re) or poorly dened methods (water), or both (air).Shenhar and Wideman 14 describe a type of projectthat involves high levels of uncertainty, using technologies together for the rst time. They call these high tech 14. They also describe a type of project that actually createsnew technologies, called super high tech. Shenhar 15 describes how low technology projects are typically performed in construction, deed and utilities, and high technology projects in the computer, aerospace and electronics industries. He oers build and bridge construction as examples of low technology projects.The key dierence to Shenhar is the level of development workinvolved, in that low technology projects have little, andhigh technology projects have considerable levels and usually require prototypin g. Shenhar and Wideman 14 argue that an early(a) key dierence is the number of designcycles. In low technology projects they say there is typically only one cycle with a freeze before development, and with high technology there are at least two, typicallythree cycles.OperationalworkCio 16 suggests that projects be placed on a spectrum of newness from operational to project. The idea has been adapted in Fig. 1 to illustrate the sliding scaleof unknowns that applies to projects. Unknowns in this perceive refer to any aspect of the project, including the methods to achieve it, the objective, and the environment it has to operate in.The guide to the project management consistence of knowledge (PMBOK) 2 describesprogressive elaboration, where planning is developed in greater detail as the project progresses. Using progressive elaboration to ll knowledge gaps, it might be possible to move a project to the left inFig. 1, thereby achieving the objective in a more predictable fashion.Howeve r, rapid changes in the environment, including tools and methods, and attempts to innovate,act to push the project to the right, increasing unknowns.The two forces of exploration and change act against eachother continuously throughout the project. The challenge isto conduct exploration at a greater rate than the appendageof environmental change. It is also important to ensure that the amount of change created by the exploration andimplementation is not counterproductive overall. An example of Project A in Fig. 1 might be a production line where there only variable is the colour required.The intention here is to review literature to submit abroad overview of approaches that might be used to betterdeal with dynamic environments. Approaches were broken pop up as follows

Ethical Business Scenario Essay Example for Free

Ethical Business Scenario try outChief Executive Officers ( chief executive officers) in the U. S get ahead a herculean salary comp bed to chief operating officers in Europe. They earn on a daily basis what an average earner would earn in a alone year. To some this is justified by the occurrence that they are talented and that the forces of de creationd and impart dictate they earn more. To others this is unfair as the employees who also contri exclusivelyed massively to the success of the come with get real little in return. Again, European CEOs earn three times lesser what the CEOs in U. S earn scorn their having similar qualification.According to settle analysts the full(prenominal) salaries could give up rose due imperfections in the market place. CEO salaries are determined by Board Committees, which stop to link per body-buildance with the salary awarded. This anyows for great variance in the salary scales of plyers. Consultancy firms that advice such comm ittees on how frequently to pay the CEO are also a factor contributing to hefty CEO salaries. brawny CEO salaries do non translate to mitigate performance. The company shares could be declining due to customer dissatisfaction despite them spending so such(prenominal) m stary on CEOs pay.Workers pay remain real low even later on the federal increment of the minimum wage however this is like a drop in the sea as when adjusted for inflation it is still 7% below where it was 10 years ago. On the contrary CEOs pay has rose by 45% after being adjusted for inflation. The CEOs also gain from many benefits from the companies they work for. Different philosophers progress to different views on honourable and legal expert issues. Aristotle was dissatisfied with unjust gain. He insisted on the importance of ethical behavior and shows that plenty with virtues brook performance in whatever they par instruct.Happiness is the spice of life and all human beings work to attain it. All ac tions are for a purpose or an end and mint enhance similarlyls needed to attain the goals they want in life. For instance a knifes work is to cut and to cut better knives should be sharp. Peoples action should aim at making them better spate and building their character. The essence of being human is the ability to reason. Virtues are classified into virtuous and intellectual moral virtues entail gentleness, liberty, truthfulness, wit and pride.To him, a mean is appropriate, too much or a deficient should be discouraged. Barnes, 500) Justice is an important virtue to him and he classifies it into two particular and general. Particular justice complements the general justice by non earning unjust gains from an act while general justice is being observant to virtues relating to populate. expert virtues include knowledge, recognition, prudence and art and they distinguish peoples capabilities as people be permit check to them. Gaining at the expense of others is unjust. Injust ice is said to occur when someone gets too little of a full(a) thing or too much of a horrid thing. (Michael, 59)Kants moral theory entails the haughty principle of categorical imperative that entails the formula of universal law and of the end in itself. He says that man should act in such a way that you always treat humanity in your stimulate person or in the person of any other never simply as a nub but always at . the same time as an end. All people act for a reason, which he calls maxim. (Alan, 66) To him maxims are more important and they should be pursued despite the harm or misery they cause on the process. People should just be cautious not to use others as mere means to an end but as ends in themselves.Using someone as a mere means implies that the persons consent is not sought. (Onora, 219) People hatful be utilize as mere means by deceiving them victimisation false pretenses or grown misleading account at their expense. Coercion usher out also be used in using people as means to an end. Justice, to Kant entails not acting on maxims that use others as mere means to an end. Duties performed should be beneficial even to the people used in attaining the goals. Kantian cuddle does not accent a lot on the outcomes of an act but on the intentions. Sometimes neat intentions could result to bad results.Human beings are rational beings with the ability to choose and intent and consequently should not be used as mere means in attaining happiness or goals in life. Kant emphasizes on cosmopolitan justice where justice is felt at a global level. His approach allows respect for human rights and also encourages heathenish diversity. (Onora, 218) Sartre explains how we live in a society full of oppression and exploitation. He tries to create a responsible for(p) nation. People drive home different egos and should be controlled by their consciousness in doing their actions Sartre was an atheist who believed that God doesnt exist.He devotes concerns to emotion as a spontaneous activity of consciousness that is projected onto the real world. To him people use their free will in partaking their actions and this poses the danger of people not being ready to squeeze right for their deeds. Freedom should entail right as only then buttocks peoples living conditions be improved. Human dignity would be retained freedom. Freedom is therefore corporate hearty responsibility. The society is full of hostility of man towards his fellow men. Sartre coins Marxist theory and states that man is vigour else but that which he firebrands of himself.The ultimate responsibilities of man are to first form himself then have social responsibility to help society. Man can will nothing unless he has first understood that he essential count no one but himself that he is alone, abandoned on earth in the center of his infinite responsibilities, without help, with no other aim than the one he sets himself, with no other destiny than the one he forg es for himself on this earth (Being Nothing 1943). Aristotle would see the high salaries of CEO as justified. This is because the CEOs have established what they want in life and have worked hard to achieve it.They may have acquired appropriate education and professional skills that is required in the demanding CEO Job. This can be seen as the sharpening of a knife used for cutting objects. The good pay rewards their hard work and they attain happiness, which is very snappy in human beings life. CEOs have moral virtues as they find pride in what they do using the liberal means. They do not unjustly gain as they have what it implys to be in the CEOs position. Just like other human beings, the CEOs can reason but can do it better no wonder they get such positions.The workers should be challenged to improve on their skills to enable them become better people in society. However, Aristotle would consider CEOs who earn hefty pay but fail to perform as being unjust. This could be attrib uted to the fact that the equilibrium or balance required between the good is not attained. Giving too much to the CEOs and very little to the workers despite their hard work in itself a form of injustice. However, CEOs can be justified with their hefty salaries because they have the appropriate knowledge and wisdom to lead companies to great heights in society.To him virtue is about proper functioning of something and consequently things should work properly for that which they are meant to do. CEOs should earn enough salary to justify what they are worth. To Kant, hefty salaries for CEOs would be a normal scenario in the society. This is because in society people have different maxims or purposes for which they intend to satisfy. The only point of concern to consider when satisfying this maxim is to make sure one does not use others as mere means to an end.Although CEOs have hefty wages they strive to attain what it takes to be in such positions. Again they do not use workers as m ere means to an end but as ends to themselves. This is attributed to the fact that the workers gain in this arrangement. The CEOs ensure good management of the organization or company, which translates to increased profits, and survival of the firm. Without these the companies would loaded down and the employees or workers too, would lose their jobs. Since the workers are aware of the situation then it is all right. (Lewis et al, 40)In close to cases, the CEOs do not use false pretenses of what they are doing. They provide clear guidelines of the companys or firms. Again they do not use any form of coercion or use misleading accounts at the expense of the workers. Their wages are therefore justified as the good intentions, which are of much importance that lead to bad results. Workers work harder at the ground but the pay does not match the hard work. To Kant, human beings are rational and have the free will to plan not be exploited by being used as mere means to an end.Workers ca n choose and plan to develop their skills, which would see them in higher positions in society. Higher positions translate to better pay and a good life in general. Hefty salaries for CEOs according to Sartre would be another form of exploitation, which is common in society. The society is full of individuals who are out to take expediency of their fellow individuals. CEOs have an ego that shows they are very prominent and important in the society as well as in the companies they work for.Consultation firms that work to ensure the salaries are high also share that feeling. This feeling that CEOs deserve hefty pays ensures that the salaries remain high at the expense of the workers who work more. Sartre would see the lack of corporate social responsibility on CEOs to their workers. Human beings are what they choose to be and they have the freedom at their disposal. CEOs choose such positions and pursue all that entails being there but they should show some responsibility to society by ensuring that the workers salaries are increased.Earning what someone else in the same company or firm would earn in a whole year is a high degree of oppression. On the contrary workers commit to their oppression by not airing their grievances like demonstrating against the hefty CEOs wages. Man is nothing without mutual responsibility and consequently responsibility should be instilled in the CEOs minds. They can visit their salaries and work to improve the workers welfare by increasing their salaries. Sartre is close in explaining my view that CEOs should not be earning in a day what a worker earns in a whole year.Workers perform most of the work and rewarding their efforts will be appropriate. It will act as an inducement to work. Motivated workers produce quality work, which would lead to increased profits. CEOs should not be too selfish in feasting on the largest piece of cake. They should show some responsibility which is part of what makes a human being by ensuring redu ced salaries on their part while increasing the workers pay (Thomas, 150) The contribution of the workers in an organization cannot be underestimated.Despite good management from the CEO the workers should work under causative environment. For firms to thrive, workers are involved at the grass root level in implementing of policies. Mere formulation without implementation is useless. Equality can be maintained by following the pay on performance approach where both CEOs and workers are encouraged to work for the benefit of the whole firm or organization. Workers should unite in fighting for fair or justice in pay. CEO should not be paid hefty pay at the expense of workers.Appropriate measures should be taken to ensure that workers are not exploited. Closing loopholes on taxes that allow companies to deduct, as much money as they please should be observed. Compensation should be done with relation to performance and increment in pay should be justified. Introducing continuous ten se taxes can work to reduce the amount of money CEOs take home as salaries. Limit should be made on the amount of money CEOs can take as their retirement plans. This will reduce the hefty amount of money CEOs take home on retirement.

Human Resource Management Essay Example for Free

Human Resource anxiety EssayHuman Resource Management (HRM) is the term used to describe formal systems devised for the management of people within an geological formation. These human resources responsibilities are slackly divided into three major areas of management staffing, employee compensation, and defining/designing work. Essentially, the purpose of HRM is to maximize the productivity of an organization by optimizing the effectiveness of its employees. This mandate is unlikely to change in any fundamental way, despite the ever-increasing step of change in the business world. As Edward L. Gubman observed in the Journal of Business Strategy, the basic commission of human resources will always be to acquire, develop, and retain talent align the workforce with the business and be an excellent contributor to the business. Those three challenges will never change. Until fairly recently, an organizations human resources department was often consigned to inflict rungs of th e corporate hierarchy, despite the fact that its mandate is to replenish and nourish the companys work force, which is often citedlegitimatelyas an organizations greatest resource.But in recent years recognition of the importance of human resources management to a companys overall health has grown dramatically. This recognition of the importance of HRM extends to small businesses, for while they do not principally have the same volume of human resources requirements as do larger organizations, they too face strength management issues that can have a decisive impact on business health. As Irving Burstiner commented in The Small Business Handbook, Hiring the right peopleand training them wellcan often mean the difference between scratching out the barest of livelihoods and steady business growth.With technology changing every day, and the talent infatuation forcing employers to get the most out of each and every staff member, the focus on HR is set to continue. Even without a time machine, its clear HRs role will move ever-closer to the very heart of business. Plugging the talent gaps This is not to say there are no challenges cladding HR in the present day, far from it. At the top of the critical list on capital of Singapores business landscape is the impending talent shortage that is set to hit organisations of all shapes and sizes. Elizabeth Martin-Chua, local HR expert and author, says businesses are again having to chase talent.Previously, the situation was the much more ideal come up with job candidates pulling out all stops to find work in their favoured organisations. Now, with the baby ruin generation set to move into retirement with only smaller-sized age groups available to replace them, the talent crunch is set to move into a more permanent fixture. That means renewed importance will be placed on those HR

Fair is foul and foul is fair Essay Example for Free

Fair is foul and foul is mean(a) EssayFair is foul and foul is fair.(1,1,190) The total theme of Shakespe bes stage Macbeth. The three sisters, also cognise as, beldames begin what will later unravel into homoy deaths and a concluding tragedy. Who is at fault for this domino- cleansing go? No other so a pure immorality mixture of the witches and their undercover sidekick wench Macbeth. Hecate held a very important role in the murders of an innocent family, only when then again its pass judgment of evil. Macbeth proves that evil does have more power then good, but in the end what goes around comes around. tot exclusivelyy Hail Macbeth, that shalt be Kind hereafter. (1,3,194). This is the single line ignites all of the horrors throughout the play. Macbeth, before he met the witches was not a bad person. Macbeth was actually fighting rebels for the kings protection, not to mention in a very sizecapable position of Thane of Glamis. Macbeth, in the beginning had all of the qualities of an honorable gentleman who could become anything. This is all shattered with his competition overrides his sense of morality (What are the influences). The witches made him feel that he will be kind and that it was his destiny. (Power). Macbeths flavor turned a total three sixty into the evil direction.The witches manipulated his thoughts, and images worked his mind. (Power). Of course they were only words that the witches gave, but keeping in mind what powerful beings they were presented to be in the era of Macbeth, they were considered to be able to curb into the future, make people fall ill with the use of spells and potions, as well as to kill anyone at any distance. They were also known to cause bad weather and storms, which the play had begun with, (Macbeth Witchcraft). Duncans death was entirely the witches fault, they told Macbeth hed be king, basically giving Macbeth permission to kill. Obviously Macbeth felt that since it was in the future then it didnt ma tter how scarcely he would become king. Macbeth decided to take action on himself and not wait around for his prize. Although Macbeth has considered killing Duncan in the past it is not certain that he would have actually committed the murder were it not for the witches fortune telling. (Response to Brians Paper).The downfall of Macbeths fortune is the witches never told him once you start, you will never be able to get around the killings. They didnt seem to mention that all(prenominal)one is responsible for his own destiny, and once he kills for his first clip, he has no natural selection but to continue to cover-up his wrong doings, or risk losing everything he has worked so hard for, (What are the influences). If the witches would have told Macbeth that king would cost him killing his best friend Banquo who tip over him the best advice when he verbalise Were such things here as we do speak or have we eaten on the insane patch up that takes the reason prisoner? (1,3,195). He also refers to the witches at instruments, The instruments of darkness tell us truths, win us with honest trifles, to betrays in deepest consequence. (1,3,196). Banquos basically smarter then Macbeth, obvious to why the witches referred to him as happier and greater then Macbeth. He noted that, why would these evil witches want to tell you things that will help you out. Its obvious that they will advantage from the situation somehow. Having Macbeths trust is one way, where they will be able to have great power. Banquo believes that evil brings consequences. A few of the consequences were partly Macbeth having to kill the drunken guards to cover up Duncans murder, then killing Banquo.Of course the witches werent all at fault, Macbeth had a very powerful Id on his hands as well. Her name is skirt Macbeth, somebody who Macbeth considered his equal. They were happily married and living an ordinary life. Lady Macbeth could however possible be a witch herself. Its a fact that in a ma jor textbook for witch hunters, Malleus Maleficarum, describes how witches are able to make men impotent, or even make their penises disappear. (Riedel). The reality of Macbeths penis disappearing at that time would most likely cause him suspicious of Lady Macbeth as a wife, but it is true that they did not have any electric razorren, thank god, and in those days, for a woman to not be able to child bare was very unacceptable. Lady Macbeth proves her evilness remarking I have given suck, and know how tender tis to have it off the babe that mils me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and flash the brains out, has I so sworn as you have done to this. (1,7,206).Lady Macbeth was right beside Macbeth in every action he took, urging him and playing on his insecurities. Lady Macbeth plays the key role as she removes her maidenly caring feelings so she can push Macbeth to carry out the murder. (Power). Lady Macbeth tells Macbeth that hes not a man if hes cant do it. She almost challenges his masculinity and bravery. If Macbeth wants to make her happy he would do as she says, which is compute like the innocent flower, but be the serpent undert. (1,5, 202). The supernatural world will aid her in the hardening of her heart and make it possible for her to carry out her malicious plan. (Wyn). Lady Macbeth is more of a forceful push towards the murder. The witches are the security behind the murder, for they tell Macbeth that he will be kind, and Lady Macbeth acts more of a catalyst, harassing Macbeth and forcing him to carry out the murders. (Power).There is only one witch that has a name. She is Hecate which centre she who works from afar. (Something Wicked This Way Comes) Hecate, playing only a small role in Macbeths play is at fault for Macduffs familys murders. Hecate, being displeased with all of the negative actions Macbeth has been causing, especially since she was not apart of the evil that was going around . How did you dare to trade and traffic with Macbeth in riddles and affairs of death and I, the mistress of your charms, the close deviser of all harms, was never called to bear my part or show the glory of our art? (5, 1, 237). Hecate decided to give Macbeth some new apparitions.These apparitions were to bring Macbeth to his tragedy and downfall. Hecate, even in the rise of bringing evil to individual evil, still caused harm and death to the innocent. Beware Macduff Beware the Thane of Fife. (4,1,244). Of course taking everything the witches say one degree centigrade percent seriously the first thing Macbeth did was get revenge on Macduffs family since he was not to be found to kill. It is all Hecates pure joy for the game of evil that that unfortunate scene happened. Other then Macduff, Hecate did help to put an end to Macbeth with apparitions that allowed him to let down his guards and making him very accessible to death.In culmination all of the deaths in Macbeth were at th e faults of the witches, and his wife. The witches prophesies were intentionally ambiguous, and their alliteration and rhymed couplets with which they spoke their omens, contributed to the effect of instability and admiration in their words. (ClassicNote). Thus having Macbeth believe that he was to be kind in the first place.They could have meant something totally different, that he may have been a different type of king, in a different country. Macbeth didnt real positively know what kind of king or where or anything, he just jumped on assumptions, and did what he had to do to get there. Macbeth stepped on everyone in the play below himself and deceived everyone around him. Macbeths wife played on the role of a powerful woman figure in the household, she was only thinking of herself and everything she would gain by being married to the king, but underestimated the power of guilt. Guilt played the key role in some other small factor, which lead Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to their graves. The theme of this play foul is fair and fair is foul ends in death.

Counseling Session Essay Example for Free

Counseling Session try onCounseling can facilitate the process of overcoming or working by personal issues from everyday misfortune as well as potentially life threatening situations. This reflective paper will look the three 50 minute counseling school terms that I att breaked with a professional direction and therapist, named Cassy Johnson-Hodge. By attending these counseling academic session and reflecting on Ms. Johnson-Hodges counseling process I have begun to understand the special(prenominal) skills a counselor may use in session to help clients. Counseling requires the counselors to reach sensitively into their clients world and help them become aware of their strengths and hidden beauty (Michael S. Nystul, p 49). . The invaluable skills of open-ended questioning, paraphrasing, and manifestation the counselor used had previously seemed insignificant to me, when it reality it can determine the difference between a helpful or a non helpful session.I was unsure of what to expect, prior to our graduation exercise session as I have never received any professional counseling. I was nervous and anxious on the way to the session as I was unsure of where to start or how in depth the session would be. I had planned what I was going to say during the session, but I was still not note confident about it. I analyzed in my head what personal issues I could discuss as a student trying to learn the counseling processes, of course this was all based on my assumptions of what the counselor would ask. My nervousness and anxiety were immediately put to rest when I walked in the room where Cassy Johnson-Hodge gave me a crank welcome.Our first session began with an introduction, and I quickly explained to her that Im a student, and Im not sure what Im supposed to be at this point. Ms. Johnson-Hodges response to me was so caring and understanding, that I immediately felt comfortable enough with her to start having, what I would consider, a normal conversation . I still felt a little nervous , but I knewshe was providing me a safe judgment free environment to talk. Ms. Johnson-Hodge kept the conversation going for the duration of the session by affirming how I felt about my personal life goals, I also felt wish she really understood what I was talking about, which inadvertently encouraged me to keep talking. By the end of the first session I was really amazed at how much I had talked.I really started to observe the counselor-client relationship developing when she helped me map our sessions. The style and technique, the counselor used throughout our sessions provided an appropriate solution for me and take on the goal we both agree to work on. I felt like Ms. Johnson-Hodge listened to what I was saying and order the conversation in a positive way by asking open-ended questions to facilitate our conversation, paraphrasing what I was saying, and allowing me to reflect on what I had said. There were also other times when the counselor wo uld reflect through silence. During such a period, I had noticed Ms. Johnson-Hodge study me and the information that I had given to her.At the end of the session, the counselor allowed me to ask her about how I feel by summarizing what I said to her. I figure Ms. Johnson-Hodge did really good job as a result of pulling together a outlet of elements that I had offered her and reflected back was helping me to explore more.Works CitedNystul, M. S. (2011). Introduction To Counseling. New Jersey Pearson Education, Inc.

Life Without Plastics Essay Example for Free

Life Without Plastics EssayThe yield, webcam 7 (in whole or in part, including all files, data, and documentation, from here on referred to as computer software) is Copyright 2012 Moonware Studios, all rights reserved, and is saved by Switzerland copyright laws, international treaties and all other applicable national or international laws. The fix owner of this product is Moonware Studios. License discernment.Title, ownership rights, and intellectual property rights in and to the content accessed through the software package is the property of the applicable content owner and may be protected by applicable copyright or other law. This License gives you no rights to such content. The Software is provided on an AS IS basis, without warranty of whatever kind, including without limitation the warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. The entire risk as to the quality and mental process of the Software is borne by you.This disclai mer of warranty constitutes an essential part of the agreement. Either party may send packing this Agreement nowadays in the event of default by the other party. Upon any termination of this Agreement, you shall immediately discontinue the use of the Software and shall within ten (10) days uninstall the software and delete all copies of the Software and sustenance.You may also terminate this Agreement at any time by destroying the Software and Documentation and all copies thereof. Your obligations to pay accrued charges and fees shall survive any termination of this Agreement. This Agreement represents the complete and exclusive command of the agreements concerning this license between the parties and supersedes all prior agreements and representations between them. It may be amended only by a writing executed by both parties.Headings shall not be considered in interpreting this Agreement. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under Switzerland law. This Agreement wi ll not be governed by the United Nations approach pattern of Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, the application of which is hereby expressly excluded. Restrictions You may not use, copy, modify, translate, or transfer the product or any copy except as expressly defined in this agreement. You may not attempt to unlock or bypass any copy-protection or authentication algorithm utilized by this product.

Indian Republic Day Essay Example for Free

Indian Republic mean solar mean solar day EssayIn the support of every nation there are certain days which are considered as red-letter days. The Republic Day celebration held on 26th January every social class in our country is one of those days. It is perhaps the nigh important day of our country. It marks the birth of our nation as a republic. Therefore this day is far-famed all over the country with great pomp and try out.The origin of Republic day goes back to pre- freedom days of 1929, when the Indian National Congress during its Lahore session under the President ship of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru passed a upshot declaring Complete Independence as the goal of the nation and decided to celebrate 26th January every year as the Independence day throughout the length and breadth of the country.From then on till the mop up of independence on Aug. 1947, the nation celebrated 26th Jan. as Independence Day. Later, when India wanted a day to mark its official birth 26th Januar y, the independence day of the pre-independence days was chosen. On this day, 26th Jan. 1950 Indian constitution came into force and India was proclaimed to be a sovereign, elective and a republicSoldiers from different fly of the armed forces, units of paramilitary and police forces march to the tune of the military band. The President takes the salute. A colourful %-past by helicopters and aeroplanes makes the ceremony most spectacular. Folk dances by cultural troupes and various performances are put up by school children to keep the audience spellbound.The tableaux of states depicting the cultural wonders of the states follow the school children. The procession lasts for several hours and last ends up at Red Fort. Hundreds of people from far off places come to watch the charming show of military might and national glory.It is a great day for all of us. It is a day of remembrance, thanksgiving, and rejoicing. It is as well as a day of national pledge when we decided to make our country, sovereign, democratic, and republic. A great deal much remains to be done, to achieve this pledge. It is up to you and me to redeem this pledge and make our nation truly democratic and republic.

Australian Paper Manufacturers Essay Example for Free

Australian composition Manufacturers EssayIntroductionThe case deals with the Australian Paper industriousness in 1990, the major fakes operating in it and how the environment is throwing up challenges to its major p modelers and shaping the future ingathering of the industry. The authorship industry in Australia can be separated into three categories Newsprint, Paperboards and Fine study. The industry is dominate by two big players namely the PCA and Australian Paper Manufacturer (APM) and the rest catered to by imports.PCA operates in the exquisite piece market enjoying a 75% market share, while APM is a leading player in the paperboards segment. Both the companies are part of a huge diversified parent organization. Environment regulations from the organisation, super acid peace activists ware been recently posing threats to PCA on organochloride emissions. APM is proactively seeking to strive ahead of the environmental issues facing the industry. Ken McRae, the GM of APM has to decide on three alternatives to choose upon for utilizing the A$ 50 bomberion allocated by the parent connection Amcor, keeping in view the Financial, Strategic, Ethical and Environmental issues.Case FactsBefore 1987, the Australian paper industry was divided into three companies. Australian Newsprint Mills supplied newsprint, Australian Paper Manufacturers produced paperboard, and Paper smart set of Australia produced coated and uncoated fine-papers. All three of those companies were subsidiaries of major Australian corporations. Maitland sales, which owned Paper Company of Australia (PCA), recorded $495 million in force out sales. Amcor Limited, which owned Australian Paper Manufacturers (APM), grossed $2.4 billion in net sales. APM decided to enter an separate aspect of the paper industry and dive into uncoated fine papers. They estimate that they could draw on their strength in paperboard manufacturing. The fashioning of fine paper or paper in general requir es close attention to detail. The first step in making paper requires the woodwind to be pulped.This process refined the wood so that only the fibers remained. During pulping, the cellulose fibers were separated from the other components so it could be processed further. This process can be done in two different ways, mechanically or chemically. The chemical process produces much sturdier pulp, but unlike mechanical pulping, which utilizations 90-95% of the wood, chemical pulping uses 45-50%. Chemical pulping is also the least environmentally friendly of the two. When the fibers are made into fine paper, it goes through an immediate step called bleaching, where as atomic moment 17 gas and chlorine dioxide are applied to the pulp. After bleaching, chemicals such as, rosin, aluminium sulphate, or synthetics to descend absorbency for report papers. The yearbook consumption of fine paper in Australia rose to nearly 358,000 tonnes in 1987.Uncoated fine paper, such as photocopy pape r, stationary, and offset printing paper, comprised 52% of that market, while coated fine paper, the attribute used in an annual report, comprised of the rest. In 1984 APM completed a a $163 million modernization of its kraft pulp plant in Maryvale, Victoria. The improvement added 140000 tonnes per year of kraft pulp subject, bringing the Maryvale plants total out rear to 350000 tonnes per year. The Maryvale plant had four paper machines and in 1986 APM turned its attention to Paper weapon 3.Originally built in 1972 to produce brown shopping handles Machine 3 had a capacity of 31,000 tonnes per year. By the mid 1980s, though people had stopped using these checkout bags and between Machines 1 and 2 the company could cover demand. This left Machine 3 ripe for transformation.APM seized the opportunity, upgraded machine 3 and used it to take them into the face of PCAs fine-papers market. People in the plant were convinced that it could be done and that their years of experience in making bag paper could be adapted to such a closely allied process. A number of trial runs were made in order to determine the general viability of the idea. Once it was proven feasible, APM sanctioned the investment. amongst May 1986 and July 1987 APM spent A$50 million to rebuild Maryvales Machine 3, converting it from making bag paper to producing white wood free paper. The upgrading of Machine 3 had not only put APM sideline to PCA as the second domestic supplier of uncoated fine paper. It also made APM the owner of Australias largest and most technologically advanced fine paper machine. The 70,000 tonnes per year of Machine 3 capacity gave APM the harvest it needed to steal from imports-the companys primary goal in entering the fine paper market.Customers had been accustomed to buying some of their paper from PCA and some from overseas but PCA had not kept step with the growth in demand. Although aiming to replace imports, McRae, director marketing for APM papers gatheri ng at the time, knew his toughest job lay in establishing APMs fine papers amid a market dominated by PCA. In wonderful 1987, APM inaugurated its move into the fine papers market. McRae developed a careful paln for ramping up to full capacity on Maryvale 3.APM intended to be producing at 40,000 tonnes annual rate by august 1988, starting with three crews work Monday through Friday and eventually moving to four and then five crews. Like all of Maryvales other paper machines, Machine 3 would eventually operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.By August 1988, Maryvale Machine 3 was producing at a rate of 50,000 tonnes per year and by March 1989 it had reached its capacity of 70,000 tonnes per year. In May 1989 APM confrontd its newest entry in the fine papers market, ReRight. It was Australias first stationery paper made from 100% recycled paper- post- recycled paper that was produced without chemicals and was neither de-inked nor bleached. The World Wildlife endorsed ReRight and the product generated significant interest and publicity. Despite ReRights higher constitute it grabbed a 3% market share (7,000 tonnes per year) of the uncoated fine papers market. To compensate its research and development expense, APM charged 20% more for ReRight than for comparable, non recycled paper.ReRights immediate acceptance inspired APM to introduce ReRight-Form in the spring of 1990, a recycled computer paper. While APM expanded its recycling efforts PCA suffered yet another snuff out on the environmental front. Greenpeace released a surprise report on PCAs Kayser soda pulp mill on the coast of Tasmania, declaring it the dirtiest mill of its type in Australia. It found Kayser discharging 11.5 tonnes of organochlorides per day into the sea, at times scope a level 80% above government standards.It also decried the presence of chloroform a crab louse causing agent, in the effluent and cited it as a health risk to PCAs workers. The environmental group called upon the gover nment to monitor the mills effluent levels more closely and demanded that the company reduce its flake out of organochlorines to a maximum of one kilogram per tonne of pulp. It also recommended complete elimination of organochlorine discharges by 1993 and asked the government to review employees medical records to search for abnormal incidence of cancers attributable to oraganochlorines such as chloroform.Future Scenario boost by APMs success Amcor had provided A$50 million to APM to consolidate yhe investment that had carried it into fine papers, though a pre-tax return of at least 20% was expected. While larger sums could always be requested, it was tacit that larger sums required more attractive returns-as had been the case when APM originally entered the market by upgrading Machine 3. make headway expansion into fine papers loomed as a possibility. Copier paper alone promised 10% annual growth and recycled paper continued to grow in popularity.The uncoated fine papers market a s whole was projected to grow at a rate of 6.5% annually through the year 2000. Now, McRae had the following options for the capital budget 1) The capacity of Machine 3 at Maryvale could be expanded upto 100,000 tonnes. Initial estimates put the cost of increasing from the existing capacity of 70,000 tonnes at A$35 million. McRae would have to decide how he would use this extra capacity. Analysis of option 1-2) APM was producing 7,000 tonnes of recycled paper at its Fairfield plant and increasing capacity would cost A$18 million. Analysis of option 2- 3) In addition to APMs recycling efforts, McRae focused on ways to reduce APMs discharge of organochlorines. APM could reduce its dependence on chlorine by alter oxygen in one of two ways a) To replace chlorine through oxygen pre-bleaching, APM would have to spend A$15 million in development and implantation. Oxygen pre-bleaching would reduce chlorine use by 50%.Pulp issue at Maryvale would drop by 5% from 350,000 tonnes to 332,500 t onnes, but many another(prenominal) engineers at the plant had expressed keen interest in learning about the technology. Pulp division at Maryvale was A$200 per tonne of pulp. Analysis of option (a)- b) Alternatively, APM could intensify the use of oxygen during bleaching, which would reduce the level of chlorine by 15% and cost approximately A$8 million. Pulp output would be unaffected. Analysis of option (b)-

Gender Socialization in American Social Institutions Essay Example for Free

Gender well-disposedizing in American Social Institutions EssaySocialization refers to how nation learn antithetical cultures and learn to belong with the respective(a) aspects of the cultures. For an individual, enculturation provides an opportunity to gain various habits and skills that be necessary for participating and acting at various levels within the union. For the wider society, culture enables different people to exchange moral norms, levers, attitudes, complaisant theatrical roles, languages, motives and so forth, thereby attaining a form of social and cultural stability (Sapiro, 1990).Socialization is affected by many factors, which wee-wee contributed to factors such as social stratification with particular with reference to gender among various societies. Many social theories establish suggested that gender is a core cause of social stratification in the American hostelry (Stone, 2001 Andersen Taylor, 2005 Levinson, Cookson Sadovnik, 2002 Giddens Griffiths, 2006). Social stratification with respect to gender has been tuned in many beas such as gear up of worship, schools, workplaces, and many other areas that involve social interactions.According to Andersen and Taylor (2005), the various methods utilise in interaction in different institutions lead to stratification since males usually tend to dominate the social scene, thus creating a piazza whereby females look at to play a second role in enculturation. This paper will evaluate the methods of socializing used by people in different American educational institutions with particular reference to the role of gender in the social scene.The format of the paper will involve a brief banter of the various aspects of acculturation in the American context followed by a discussion of the methods of gender socialization in American social educational institutions. Gender socialization among Americans According to Stone (2001), the American society places a lot of importanc e in the role of the family as the basic social unit of the society. In fact, the evidence for this is shown by the abundance in most libraries of published materials regarding marriage and family life in the coupled States.The interest in family life is instigated by the fact that there are various instances of gender interaction such as those involving children between children and their parents between parents and between parents and their in- legalitys (Stone, 2001). An obvious gender interaction that is usually less(prenominal) mentioned is that between any parent and mother-in practice of law or father-in-law of the opposite trip out. The aspect of mother in law in particular has been a problem to many couples in the American society.In this context, Stone (2001) quotes Eppie Lederer who commented on the persistent problem associated with mothers-in-law by asking the question Must we outlaw the mother in law? The products of family life, that is children, also socialise dif ferently depending on where they are. Andersen and Taylor (2005) note that gender socialization among children is impacted upon by peers, parents, the media, schools, apparitional institutions and forth. It is at the child level that various paths of gender socialization are charted.For instance, in schools girls usually stick around involved in communal games and like annoyting into groups whereas boys tend to sick interest in games that are individualistic (Andersen Taylor, 2005). The same authors also note that girls play more freely when they are involved in same sex groups. On the other hand, boys tend to wield power over girls when they play with them and have a tendency to create laws of play over girls. This is perhaps what leads to mens dominance in scenes in later life (Andersen Taylor, 2005 Stone, 2001).Methods of gender socialization in American educational and ghostly institutions As is the case in all societies, socialization occurs at all stages of life, not j ust in childhood stages. The attributes displayed by children in their early days such as gender-typed forms of games are indicator of behavior that fall out later during prominent life. The aspects of competitive play displayed by boys prepare them for the good-natured socialization environment they have as adults.Giddens and Griffiths (2006) note that boys engage in more aggressive socialization activities because in future they get active in activities such as sports and the large groups they socialize with also teach them to cooperate and make out when working together later in life. Among girls, there is a slightly different approach to socialization. Andersen and Taylor (2005) note that learn in the same way as girls but they dont tend to value the attributes such as highly as boys or men even though these attributes are no less important to them.Thus, gender socialization in various American educational institutions is based on these attributes as discussed in the follo wing sections. Gender socialization in schools Schools in have a explicit influence on gender socialization because of the considerable amount to time children spend them (Cookson, 1990). Teachers of all sex have different expectations for boys and girls. According to research findings, boys in American schools call out answers about eightsome times more than girls (Andersen Taylor, 2005). This makes boys get more attention from their teachers than girls.This point is emphasized by the fact that when teachers of either sex respond to the boys they increase the boys level of perceived importance. Another level of socialization in schools is the kind of books used in class. The kind of messages depict in the books usually determine the kind of socialization that children have later in life or among themselves (Levinson, Cookson Sadovnik, 2002). If a person of a certain gender is used as a central figure and is portrayed to be powerful or a genius, a mentality is developed among children that people of that gender are powerful in all dimensions.Most of the characters depicted as such are men. Gender socialization and religion Religion is one of the aspects of gender socialization that is often overlooked in the American society. Different religious groups lay emphasis on different aspects of their culture such as gender differences. For instance, most Judeo-Christian religions found in the fall in States put much emphasis on gender, with a mutual perspective that men are pukka to women. In religions that embrace Orthodox Judaism, men offer prayer to God thanking him for not having made a knuckle down of woman for them.In addition, many other religions in the United States exclude women from leadership in religious functions to signify that women hold a lower position in the society (Levinson, Cookson Sadovnik, 2002). Aside from the religions that belittle gender, socialization in Christian and Muslim faiths encourages some form of gender equity (Cookso n, 1990). Thus in both(prenominal) churches and mosques, women constantly use what they learn based on their faiths to question racist practices and other forms of unfair intercession by men.Along this line, protestant and evangelical churches in the United States campaign for shared household roles and concern job opportunities as part of socialization between men and women (Stone, 2001). Gender socialization and the media Different forms of media such as magazines, film, television, medication and many others have a lot of influence on the kind of socialization in the United States. Communication through the various forms of media is facilitated through features such as cartoons, narrations, messages in music and so forth.Men and women play different roles in the media industry and this determines show they socialize at various levels. But a common tendency is that men are usually portrayed as more powerful figure in various media by their dominance in films, sports, and many other activities. This has changed how people view various forms of media and stratified the society (particularly learning institutions) in terms of popularity of some programs. Television in the United States has been criticized for portraying unrealistic images of women and men with respect to their appearance and age (Stone, 2001).There is a common opinion that women are usually portrayed provocatively on television in dresses such as underwear, nightwear, swimsuits and so forth. Media images in social scenes such as social halls, school halls, colleges and other institutions in the United States and so on are criticized for depicting white men as exercising higher agency than white women as well as black men and black women. Many advertisements in social settings also have the same tendency of depicting the male gender as being superior to the female gender (Stone, 2001).Gender socialization and employment in educational institutions Workplaces as schools are characterized by people of either gender playing different roles. The American system of job classification us characterized by hierarchical organizations which put men and women in different job capacities. For instance, most principals in schools and superintendents of colleges are men (Andersen Taylor, 2005). This therefore creates an ill-advised notion that leaders in social institutions are always men. conclusionIt is evident that various from of gender socialization in educational institutions such as schools, colleges, churches, social halls and so forth in the United States is greatly influenced by the kind of socialization that takes place in easy levels of education such as junior schools. In addition, the kind of behavior that boys and girls are exposed to is carried into adult life. This is shown in many organizations that disseminate knowledge such as colleges, most of which portray men as being superior to women. References Andersen, M. L. and Taylor H. F. (2005).Sociology understan ding a diverse society. New York Cengage Learning. Cookson, L. Gender equity, social institutions and the future of fertility. daybook of Population Research, 17(1)1-14 Giddens, A Griffiths, S. (2006). Sociology. New York Polity Levinson, D. Cookson, P. W. Sadovnik , A. R. (2002). Education and sociology an encyclopedia. New York Taylor Francis. Sapiro, V. (1990) Women in American society an mental institution to womens studies. New York Mayfield Pub. Co. Stone, L. (2001). New directions in anthropological kinship. New York Rowman Littlefield.

National Office Machines Case Essay Example for Free

interior(a) Office Machines Case Essay1. What factors contributed to Euro Disneys poor performance during its first year of operation? What factors contributed to Hong Kong Disneys poor performance during its first year?The factors that led to Euro Disneys poor performance were the lack of savvy of the French culture, mistaken assumptions, and ethnocentrism by the American management. Since the prices of the hotels and entrances were different and much higher in Europe, the park attention was low. It was actually cheaper for European families to travel to Disney World in Orlando, FL than to EuroDisney. Eisner was a little arrogant when he sham people from all over Europe would come to Paris, when there are many different cultures in Europe, each star expecting adaptation.It isnt like the U.S. where the culture is much the same throughout. Each dry land has its testify culture. The guest expectations werent up to par, and the customer service wasnt as expected. thither wa s a criminalize on alcohol when the French are the biggest wine confounding country and the poor and underestimated arrangement of breakfast didnt settle well with the French. It failed in Hong Kong because its service standpoint was below standards. The heathen factors in like manner added to the harm of the theme park they did not adapt to the Chinese culture. They have improved however culture isnt everything the rides werent the quality that guests expected it to be.2. To what degree do you consider that these two factors were (a) foreseecapable and (b) controllable by EuroDisney, Hong Kong Disney, or the parent company, Disney? In terms of the foreseeable factors, they should have taken into consideration cross cultural differences, the Gulf War of 1991, 1980s European recession, high interest rates and devaluation of several currencies, World clean-living in Seville and the Olympics in Barcelona, and the ban on alcohol consumption. Controllable factors were mistaken assu mptions, initial pricing, design and market policies, early advertising that was more expensive, poor and underestimated arrangement of breakfast, and arrogance of Disneys management.3. What role does ethnocentrism play in the story of EuroDisneys launch? Ethnocentrism is the belief in the inherent superiority of ones avouch culture, and all another(prenominal) cultures are measured in relation to it. This happened when the Disney management did not try and recognize the French expectations or wishes, and went ahead and implemented the Disney Park as per their wishes. The French, of course did not accept this since they never wanted the Americanized entertainment. Disney management had the resources available to get a marketing opinion from European sources that would have deliver them from failure. However, since they were deriveable with the other Disney parks, the management did not see as this park being any different. If however they had consulted with European marketer s, they could have subdueed pricing mistakes, food and drink mistakes, and entertainment mistakes.4. How do you assess the cross-cultural marketing skills of Disney? In the beginning Disneys cross-cultural marketing skills were far below par. Simply put, they did not do their homework, but when failure crept up they realized their mistakes. Now they have hired European management, who has a discover idea of what they are doing. They not only changed their marketing and pricing strategies, but they in addition changed the food and drink as well. Therefore, in the end, Disneys cross-cultural skills have improved significantly.5. Why did success in capital of japan predispose Disney management to be too optimistic in their expectations of success in France? Discuss. In Japan Disney park was a huge success due to the fact that the Japanese had a sentimental appurtenance to American cartoon characters. The Japanese tourists enjoyed themselves at the park because they could automatica lly relate to these characters. This resulted in a profit not only in the first year, but in the second year as well. There were 14 million people that visited Tokyo Disney Park the second year and 3/4th of them were seize customers. With these high figures and profits, Disney management had high hopes while constructing the park in Paris. They didnt feel the need to do any research since the Japanese adapted so well to the American customs and Disney management forecast the French would be no different. However, this was completely the opposite of what happened. The French did not accept the American customers and a failure resulted in Paris.6. Why do you think the dwell in France didnt help Disney avoid some of the problems in Hong Kong? First are the cultural differences. In Hong Kong, they only considered Chinese style in the park design. Also, they still overpriced the park. They didnt take into consideration the actual price take aim of the country and blindly set prices high so that visitors could not afford, and moved on to other amusement parks. finishing is the marketing. Disney management did not market its entertainment concept. Like France, Hong Kong has their own cartoon image and was not well-known(prenominal) with Mickey Mouse or Donald Duck.7. Now that Hong Kong Disney is up and running, will the Shanghai development benefit from the Hong Kong experience? Disney management will know exceptionally well that doing research is the first step. Familiarize the customer plant with the characters first and foremost so that way when you open the gates it is a warm, relaxing feeling sightedness familiar faces. They should also make sure and set prices at a fair level. Look into the income level of the population and make an educated decision.8. Now that Disney has begun work on the new Hong Kong and Shanghai locations, where and when should it go following(a)? Assume you are a consultant hired to give Disney advice on the issue of where and w hen to go next. deplume three locations and select the one you think will be the best new locations and select the one you think will be the best new location for Disneyland X, and discuss. India, Australia, and Brazil are three locations that I would advise Disney to consider next. I think the best location would be India. India is coming up as next big market is almost every field due to strong presence of customer base and more disposable income.American culture is already so popular in India. Hollywood became so popular that India created its own Bollywood. India also has the second largest population in the world, so financially Disney would pass by with that customer base. Again Disney would have to be careful with the food choices and pricing. Australia would also be a gravid choice for obvious reasons. There location from other countries would be ideal since it would not cannibalize other locations attendance.Also, since they are an English speaking country there would no t be a language barrier. Australia is much(prenominal) a compact nation that no matter where you placed the Disney park people would be able to easily access it. The third country I think would be ideal is Brazil. It is a regnant and emerging nature, and although they have a strong culture, with a lot of research could be very prosperous. They also have a very large population that would financially be beneficial to Disney. It would also be a good location to service Central America, the Caribbean, and South America.9. Given your choice of locale X for the newest Disneyland, what are the operational implications of the history of EuroDisney and Disney Hong Kong for the new park? After the failed attempt at Disney Paris, Disney should have a lot of experience now in opening theme parks. I think with extensive research and a culturally intelligent management, Disney will excel in Disney India. This time the management will do their homework and find out the cultural differences, cus toms, traditions, food, drink, etc. Since there is a language barrier, they will also have a team of leaders who are fluent in the language to help the American team.