Cleaning up oil spills Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cleaning up crude spills - Research Paper ExampleThe most famous method is to use chemical treating agents like dispersants, surface washing agents, and bioremediation agents (Chemical Treating Agents par. 1). Dispersants argon basically mixture of chemicals, made up mostly of surfactants and other additives. The surfactant molecules are amphiphilic in nature which can be both soluble in protic (i.e. water) and aprotic (i.e. oil) solvents. During oil spills in bodies of water, surfactants combined into aggregates called micelles which consist of hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails. The heads are attached to the water molecules by hydrogen bonding and the tails to the oil molecules which lessens the interfacial tensions between oil-water molecules. Due to the mechanical action in the ocean, the oil molecules especially below the surface of the water break apart into smaller molecules which can adhere suspended to be washed by current (Renee and Lee par. 5).The use of surface wa shing agents or commonly known as degreaser are usually used for surfaces or structures that have been oiled and are usually sprayed on the surface. This chemical promotes emulsification of oil and the instability causes it to flocculate and coalesce in the surface for somatic recovery.The actions of the two mentioned chemical agents are usually followed either by natural means or generate biological actions. The natural means can include microbial degradation and photo-oxidation. The latter method speak under sunlight where the natural targets are the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of the oils. The process (also known as photolysis), degrades the PAHs in the sour that can be available for microbial degradation (The American Academy of Microbiology 4).In addition, bioremediation is also an useful way to clean up oil spills. The use of bioremediationagentsincludes microbiological cultures, enzyme additives or nutrient additives which can significantly cast up the rate